Catheter associated urinary tract infections Term Paper

Catheter associated urinary tract infections - Term Paper Example . The use of the urinary catheter has some side effects such as kidney failure or even weakening of the body’s general defense mechanism. The kidneys are responsible for filtering the urine so as to make urine, and when there is an infection, especially an untreated infection, it might lead to kidney failure. This tube is usually used when there a person cannot urinate on their own, and hence this tube is inserted to help drain the urine. It can also be used when there is need and essence to establish the amount of urine that a person’s body makes, especially when the person is hospitalized. The tube can also be used when carrying out kidney and bladder tests, and when performing some surgeries (Gotelli et al, 2008). This tube has been associated with urinary tract infections, with some of the signs of the infections being blood in urine, frequent but painful urination after the catheter has been removed and lower abdominal pain. The use of catheter tubes is at times co nsidered a risk to patient safety due to the high rate of infections. The tube provides a more direct access for bacteria and other infectious organisms into the bladder (Bernard, Hunter and Moore, 2012). The after and long term effects of the use of the catheter tube might be very adverse, and this necessitates the need for a solution, an alternative or an intervention. Intervention The adverse effects resulting from the use of the urinary tract catheter shows that there is need for intervention. In this case, the suggested intervention to aid in the reduction of the effects is proposed in several ways. The use of indwelling catheters use only follow after the patients records have been checked and it has been determined that it is a must for the catheter to be used (Bernard, Hunter and Moore, 2012). If there is another way of administering treatment without using the tube on the patient, then this should be adopted. It also follows that the catheter should be removed from the pati ent’s body as soon as possible to minimize the chances of infection. In addition, the direct staff and all nurses should ensure that they are properly trained on handling the catheter. This includes frequent and thorough washing of hands before and after handling the catheter. Gotelli et al (2008) clearly propose that the se of external catheters in intermittent urethral catherization might be part of the intervention. Urethral catherization is very sensitive and is among the leading causes of urinary tract infections. By the health staff gaining enough competence concerning how to handle and use the catheter, chances are that the cases of the infection might probably reduce. The doctors and other health staff have become too used to the urinary tract infections such that introducing the intervention might not be too easy (Gotelli et al, 2008). Competence Outcome and Performance Assessment model To investigate and potentially assess the interventions, the Competence Outcomes and Performance Outcome theoretical approach and framework shall be used. This model has been earlier on been applied in academic and non-academic institutions, and has succeeded in works environment, especially the health industry since it is encourages adopting the environment in contemporary living (Lenburg, 1999). It is a model that seeks not to change the traditional way of learning but to make learning, in all academic and

Goodwin Development Trust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Goodwin Development Trust - Essay Example This demonstrates how Goodwin networks the community in Hull to improve the quality of life for everyone. To sum up, the Goodwin statement â€Å"Our overall goal is to improve the quality of life of people living in deprived neighborhoods. We aim to do this by helping communities and community-based organizations to develop innovative new services through practical learning, knowledge management, and networking†, says it all. (The Goodwin Trust Link) 2 Introduction Nearly any community anywhere comprises of the Haves and the Have Nots. It is a universal phenomenon and has existed from time immemorial. However, in each era, there have been conscious individuals or institutions that have taken care of the needy, poor and deserving. Usually, this was out of pity, religious teachings and occasionally out of love for the fellow brethren. This act of charity was limited to a few of the higher strata and was not universally practiced. In the modern era, however, due to higher levels of education that are now widespread, and also due to more liberal outlooks the community at large has started feeling uncomfortable at the existence of pockets that lag behind in education and resources. There has also been a feeling of resentment from the have not which was duly acknowledged by others. The feeling of obligation to give a helping hand has become more pronounced than ever before. Out of this has born the need to institutionalize the noble act of charity and people from all over the community participate in it.

Belize Guatamala territory dispute :: essays research papers

British lumberjacks set up settlements in the eventual Belize. The Spanish granted them the territory. When war broke out in Europe there was an attack which was repulsed. Over the next 20 years the British had grown into the assigned area and some unsettled areas of South America establishing the now existing Belize. The Spanish never had any rule over the territory. Up to 1859 the British continued to exercise exclusive jurisdiction over the settlement, further establishing administrative control and implementing a comprehensive legal and legislative system. In 1859 a treaty officially established the boundaries of Belize. In 1940 Guatemala declared the Treaty to be void, alleging failure to implement article 7 (That the British build a road which they never did) A new Guatemalan Constitution in 1945 declared Belize to be Guatemalan territory Belizean culture and nationality developed throughout the 19th century (and the British became the minority). Self-government was achieved in 1964, but full independence was delayed until 1981 only because of the Guatemalan claim to the territory. Guatemala changed its argument in 1999. it rested its case on the 18th century Treaties between Britain and Spain covering the area between the Hondo and the Sibun Rivers. Guatemala claimed that the area between the Sibun River and the Sarstoon River was 'illegally' occupied by Britain, and argued that the area south of Sibun up to the Sarstoon River must be "returned" to Guatemala together with all the cayes which were not included in those Treaties. The area thus claimed by Guatemala amounts to over 12,000 square kilometres, which is more than half of Belize's territory. The British occupied this territory when it was uninhabited and unsettled. Belize rests its case on two firm pillars: the right of a people to self- determination and the fact that Guatemala's claim is legally untenable. Negotiations began between Britain and Guatemala and Belize. In 1975 the UN General Assembly passed a resolution affirming Belize's right to secure independence with all its territory and declared that any proposals emerging from negotiations between Britain and Guatemala must respect this right In 1980, the UN resolution declared that Belize should become independent by the following year. The entire global community supported this decision the territory was perfected through the process of acquisitive prescription, which is a recognised means in International Law for acquiring title to territory Guatemala never occupied, nor did it ever exercise any control or jurisdiction over, any part of the territory of Belize.

Understand The Role Of Communication And Interactions With Individuals Who Have Dementia

People who have dementia can communicate in different ways depending on how they feel and the type of dementia someone has. If an individual has dementia they might not be able to speak so as a career it’s important to read the body language of the individual. If they make funny noises or they are acting out of character or if they are being very loud then this may mean they are not happy and that they are angry. If they are lively and smiling and laughing then this may mean that they are happy and is feeling in a good mood.If the individual suddenly gets up from his/her arm chair and walks around then if may mean that they need to go to the toilet. If an individual who has dementia can talk then you can usually know how they are feeling through their tone of voice. If the tone of voice is sharp and clear then it might mean that they are upset or cross, if they are very quiet and talking softly then it might be scared and feeling very lonely.It is very easy to misinterpret som eone who has dementia. For example, If a lady or gentleman gets up from the chair and walks to the other side of the room, careers may think that he/she just wants to walk around to stretch his/her legs but in fact he/she needs to go to the toilet. Another example would be if a gentlemen is shouting for no apparent reason it might be because he is in pain but doesn’t know how to tell someone, a career might not realise this and may this he wants something instead. Also another example would be if a lady is asked if they would like something and they said no but actually they mean yes they would, careers wouldn’t realise what she means and ends up not giving her anything.There are different types of dementia which may affect the way someone will communicate. Dementia will affect an individual’s communication depending of what part of the brain the disease has affected. Here is a table to show which dementia effects communications.DementiaHow it affects communicat ion Alzheimer’s diseaseIf someone has Alzheimer’s disease then they regularly forget names, faces and recent events. They have problem finding the right words so can be hard making a conversation. Also they would have mood or behaviour problems such as irritability or loss in confidence so it would be hard for them to talk to someone and describe want they would like and making decisions. Vascular DementiaPeople with this type of dementia would find it hard to communicate because they find it difficult finding the right words to say. They may use inappropriate words which people may get offended as they don’t understand. They also become more emotional which again may affect the way they communicate to someone. Dementia with Lewy bodiesIndividuals with this type of dementia would find it difficult to communicate because of the variation in attention. It may be hard to communicate because they wouldn’t be focused as they are confused and not really listeni ng. FTD (Frontotemporal Dementia)This dementia is quite rare as it affects only 11,000 people in the UK compared with dementia with lewy bodies which affects about 100,000 people in the UK. People with FTD will have a decline in language abilities so they would find it difficult with trying to find the right word, finding it difficult to speak and have trouble with understanding common words and people’s names. Also in the later stages the reason why an individual may find it hard to communicate relates to the persons memory.The physical and mental needs that would affect communication with someone who had dementia would be a stroke. If someone had dementia it would be hard for them to try and talk and communicate but with a stroke as well it would be really hard to communicate as they would lose the use of their one side so their speech would be even more affected. In time the individual would get frustrated because they can’t speak and explain to people what they wan t or need. A mental affect with communication would be depression. If an individual had dementia and also suffered with depression, they would find it hard to talk to people as they find it hard to live through each  day. They would find it hard to talk because of their dementia so they would be able to express how they feel therefore would become even more depressed.If an individual has dementia had a sensory impairment would find it difficult to communicate. For example if gentlemen could see he would find it hard to explain what he wants as he can’t talk very well due to the dementia. Even if u offered a choice to him he would be able to say which one he wanted because of the dementia and would be able to point to the choice he would like because he can’t see. If a lady had a hearing impairment and had dementia she would find it hard because she would feel like she was in some sort of bubble as she can’t hear or talk to people. She would feel so down and de pressed because there is a lack of understanding between the carer and the individual. The lady’s well being would decline and her eating habits may also decrease as well.The environment would affect an individual who suffer from dementia because they wouldn’t recognise their surroundings so they would feel lost and maybe scared. It is important to have things and objects that they recognise because they won’t forget who they are. People who have dementia lose their confidence so being in a different environment would ‘throw them out of place’ so to speak. They would feel even lonelier as they wouldn’t know anyone. Having new things around you would make an individual with dementia feel even more disorientated as they would feel agitated and wouldn’t be able to relax because they are not familiar with the environment.The way people interact with dementia patients can vary between the way careers or other people behave towards them. For example is a career was feeling down, looking miserable and not putting any effort into their working then the individual would see and feel it and would not cooperate with you. If a career was really happy, jolly and being loud the individual may feel intimidated and again they wouldn’t want to cooperate. If the career was calm, relaxed and spoke in a clear voice then the chances are the individual would comply and do things as you ask. It is very important to know how to approach a person with dementia because they don’t know who you are so you can’t do anything that they wouldn’t like. You would have to be  polite and give clear instructions of you would like them to do. If you are friendly with them then they would be friendly back.The way you talk to someone with dementia is very important because it’s hard for the person to understand what they are doing because they have dementia but if you say it in a way that’s positive, loud and clear you would try get them to understand. You would have to speak proper English especially if you are working with the elderly, you can’t use any slang words because they wouldn’t understand what you mean. When talking you must slow down so they can hear what you are ask and you have to be polite when asking otherwise they would find you rude and words because again they would do what you ask.Also you have to talk in simple terms and not use big words because again they wouldn’t understand and if you do ask them to do something don’t ask all at once, ask in stages, for example if you are helping someone to get up in the morning instead of asking ‘Can you get out of bed’?, ask them in stages, Can you sit up’? Then ‘can you bring your feet around’? And then ‘can you stand up please’? This way the individuals thought process is less so can do each step at a time. This in time would make the individual more ha ppier and comfortable being around you and overall a positive atmosphere.

The Advantages of Teamwork at the Workplace - 1051 Words

Teamwork in the workplace has never seemed as important as it currently stands. Much of the cross-training that takes place in the workplace is due to the extended importance that has been placed on developing teams comprised of members who can handle a variety of tasks and are able to transition throughout the company at a moments notice. There are important components that a team must have in order to be the efficient and effective force that most managers desire of them. Effective teams are likely to include individuals skilled in the art of communication, as well as personnel who understand processes, how they work and how they are implemented. A recent study determined that a recent review of decades of scientific articles and patent applications has revealed that our most important scientific innovations are increasingly produced by collaborating teams (Wuchty, Jones, Uzzi, 2007, p. 1036). Scientific innovations is not the only area in which collaborating teams have shown succe ss, teams in the workforce arena are showing a similar degree of success as determined by other studies including one that found teamwork is a growing mode of operation within organizations (Ahanchian, McCormick, p. 386). There are a number of advantages to teamwork in the workplace that draws the attention of many business managers; collaboration allows for a pooling of resources that might not otherwise be available, and it oftentimes produces results that are superior to otherShow MoreRelatedWorking With Teams739 Words   |  3 PagesWorking with teams Working in teams is a common approach that many areas such as schools, workplaces are taking in certain tasks, responsibilities or even special projects. 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Existing Studies Focus On The Impact1030 Words   |  5 PagesChapter1-Introduction Existing studies focus on the impact of teamwork and productivity on implementing, quality improvement. For example developing a culture within the work place where teamwork is a vital necessity can significantly improve performance, effectiveness, efficiency, morale, job satisfaction, unity of purpose, communications, innovative thinking, quality, speed in getting things done, and loyalty to an organization (Warrick, 2014). In corporate America, superiority and personal recognitionRead MoreHow Teams And Teamwork Affect Individual Satisfaction And Motivation For Individual Performance1230 Words   |  5 PagesTo start with, before coming to the fundamental concept of how teams and teamwork are used in everyone advantage, it is imperative to look at the individual characteristic first. As a manager in an organisation, manager has to know of how he or she can influence the performance of people who work for him or her. In a working situation, motivation among workers can be varied depending on their individual differences. As Furnham (2002) highlighted that researchers have been working on finding the triggersRead MoreTeamwork1485 Words   |  6 PagesTeamwork There are two ways of spreading light : to be the candle or the mirror that reflects it GOOSE - G is for GOAL The sense of a goose! The sense of a goose! People who are part of a team and share a common direction get there quicker and easier because they are traveling on trust of one another and they support each other all the way. GOOSE - O is for ORGANISED If we have as much sense as a goose we will stay in formation and share information with those who are headed theRead More Essential Workplace Skills Essay example1596 Words   |  7 PagesWorkplace Essential Skills While working or while looking for work there are certain skills sets that are universally important. No matter what job or career path you have chosen these skills make it easier to obtain your goals, whatever they may be. Workplace essential skills enable people at work to do the tasks required by their occupation, give them the basics to learn all other skills (job and life) and assist them to manage and adapt to the changing workplace environment. TheyRead MoreThe Impact Of Emotions On Decision Making1313 Words   |  6 Pagesintelligence (EQ) will be provided. Additionally, how I would ascribe to each of these attributes while making decisions will be discussed. Furthermore, a plan that would increase motivation, satisfaction, and performance in the workplace will be provided. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the developed plan will be proffered. EQ Attributes As discussed by Arunima et al. (2014), there is no specifically accepted universal definition of emotional intelligence. However, Mayer et al. asRead More Team Based Organizations Essay1190 Words   |  5 Pagesreal benefits to the organization, they have to be able to distinguish their strengths and weaknesses. All teams need members who believe in team goals and are motivated to work with others actively to accomplish important tasks. A commitment to teamwork is found in the willingness of every member to listen and respond constructively to views expressed by others. High performance team has to give others the benefit of the doubt, provide support, and recognize the interests and achievements of othersRead MoreCharacteristics Of A Good Manager1294 Words   |  6 Pagesabilities a good manager should have in order to perform well in the workplace. The first managerial skill is teamwork because the individual should be able to contribute, negotiate and resolve conflict effect ively in a team with others members and leaders. The second skills are self-management which is the ability to have a strong ethical reasoning, tolerance of others and most important to meet the obligations of the workplace. Thirdly, leadership forms part of the management skills because managersRead MoreNon Monetary Incentives in the Workplace1276 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: DO NOT SHOW ME THE MONEY: THE GROWING POPULARITY OF Do Not Show Me the Money: The Growing Popularity of Non Monetary Incentives in the Workplace Latonya Page University of Phoenix RES/ 110 Week Four Rose van Es, Instructor March 29, 2008 Do Not Show Me the Money: The Growing Popularity of Non Monetary Incentives in the Workplace With the growing decline of economy, more employers are using non-monetary incentives to motivate employees, yielding positive results. While everyone

The Ethics Of The Canadian Law System - 1902 Words

Bullying is an important topic in society because it continues to be a problem for individuals whether they are in school, at work or even at home. Bullying can be demonstrated verbally and/or physically. In other words, it is when one hurts or threatens to harm a person to do his/her wantings. It is controversial whether Canadian law has adequately addressed this topic. Bullying has indeed been addressed properly throughout Canada’s law system in various ways. The goal of this essay is to show that the justice system has made many laws and regulations to help victims or anyone involved in the bullying through the many bills created to amend existing acts, the created action plans against bullying and laws that are created in the Criminal Code. To begin with, Ontario created Bill 13 as an amendment of the Education Act, to help those suffering from bullying. According to a website: â€Å"The purpose of this legislation is to: 1 identify bullying; 2. prevent bullying; and 3. improve inclusiveness in schools† (Bill 13 - Accepting Schools Act). Bill 13 helps provide support for students that are being bullied and improves how the school approaches these situations. Their goal is to reduce the amount of these incidents and provide healing for the victims. It also requires for schools to prevent bullying to make sure that students are learning in a positive and safe environment at all times. Therefore, having this law ensures the students’ safety and prevents bullying from everShow MoreRelatedANA Code of Ethics Provision Five Review Essay869 Words   |  4 Pages The main points of provision five of the ANA code of ethics are as follows: section 5.1, which is moral self-respect, suggests that nurs es must care for themselves as much as they care for their patients. Nurses must do their best to maintain professional respect to themselves in regards of their competence and moral character. Section 5.2, which is professional growth and maintenance of competence, suggests that nurses must continue to self and peer evaluate themselves throughoutRead MoreThe Legalization Of Physician Assisted Death1173 Words   |  5 Pagesboosted in 2012. The decision of the British Columbia Supreme Court in the case of Carter v. Canada (Attorney General) was the threshold of the theme. It ruled that the Canadian Criminal Code 2 prohibition against PAD was discriminatory. According to the decision, the section 241 of the Code abuses the section of 12 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The adjudication is being finalized by the Supreme Court of Canada in 2015 by granting a â€Å"constitutional exemption† and also providing aRead MoreMedical Assisted Death : An Act Respecting En d Of Life Care1514 Words   |  7 Pages For many years, medical assisted death has been disagreed upon with the Canadian Quebec legislation, Bill 52, An Act respecting end-of-life care. Terminal ill patients have been fighting rights with their incurable conditions which caused them unbearable suffering. In many situations, death is always unacceptable since life was given for a reason. We all must pass away one day, although for some individuals, death can be measured by time due to tragic news that they have been informed about. InRead MoreThe Rhetorical Analysis Of Pierre Trudeaus Speech1233 Words   |  5 Pagesadded to the Canadian Constitution. 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Marketing Research Literature Review - 1259 Words

Marketing research I have chosen the market research because it is the very first step of most economical process. Philip Kotler (1994) define the marketing research as â€Å"function that links the consumer, customer, and public to the marketer through information-information used to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems; to generate, refine, and evaluate marketing actions; to monitor marketing performance; and to improve understanding of the marketing process. Marketing research specifies the information required to address these issues, designs the methods for collecting information, manages and implements the data collection process, analyzes, and communicates the findings and their implications..† Briefly it†¦show more content†¦Fourthly, analysing data should be done by preparing summary statistics for each question, broken out by relevant subgroups if necessary. May include coding of open end questions and advanced statistical techniques. Finally, Report the results for example create graphs, charts and text that communicate the findings. Conclusions/recommendations should be actionable regarding the defined problem. Hopefully it leads to a solution for the problem. Methodologically, marketing research uses four types of research designs, namely: †¢ Quantitative marketing research is about measuring a market and quantifying that measurement with data. Furthermore, it can be also used to measure customer awareness, attitudes and behaviour in a market by taking a statistical sample of customers. Such techniques are extremely powerful when combined with techniques such segmentation analysis and mean that key audiences can be targeted and monitored over time to ensure the optimal use of the marketing budget. Most often the data required relates to market size, market share, penetration, installed base and market growth rates. 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Relationship-based internal marketing is aRead MoreLiterature Review-Fdi in Retail1349 Words   |  6 PagesRETAIL MARKETING PROJECT INTERIM REPORT LITERATURE REVIEW AN EMPIRICAL STUDY OF THE GROWTH PROSPECTS AND PROFITABILITY OF FDI IN RETAIL SEGMENTS OF INDIA Submitted to: Prof. Sapna Parashar Date: 23-07-2008 Submitted by: Arnab Sinha 071108 INDEX INDEX 2 CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS 3 Summary of Retail Market in India and FDI in Indian Retail 3 Read MoreEpistobabble Warfare1364 Words   |  6 PagesINTRODUCTION The article â€Å"Marketing: philosophy of science and â€Å"epistobabble warfare† is a commentary by the author Michel Rod published as a qualitative research in an International Journal, Vol. 12 Iss. 2, pp. 120- 129. Throughout the article Rod articulated his viewpoints on the variety of philosophies involved in legitimizing the science of marketing research and sought to establish his own perspective of what he actually believes marketing research should accomplish. 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